2 What have I learned about body systems?

Summary: Tags: science oxford-science student-book-7 biology Created: 2026-05-19 Last Updated: 2026-05-19

In this chapter, you have:

• learned how multicellular organisms are organized into levels, starting with a cell at the lowest level and a functioning multicellular organism at the top
• studied the main structures in the respiratory system
• understood how breathing moves air into and out of the lungs, taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide
• discovered the many functions of the skeletal system, and the role of joints and muscles in movement.

Journey through body systems What do I already know? - Breathing and exercise

• Muscles, the skeleton, and movement
• Cells as the basic unit of organization
• Roles of special cells in the body
• Movement of substances between cells and organs This chapter - 2.1 Levels of organization
• 2.2 Skeleton
• 2.3 Movement: joints
• 2.4 Movement: muscles
• 2.5 Breathing: lungs
• 2.6 Breathing: gas exchange
• 2.7 Aerobic Respiration
• 2.8 Anaerobic respiration What comes next? - Nutrients
• Digestive system
• Bacteria and enzymes in digestion
• Cell systems
• Reproduction
• Fertilization and implantation

Figure 2

1. Your skeleton allows you to move. Name the point in the skeleton where two bones meet. (1 mark)Name the tissue that bones pull on to cause movement. (1 mark)Give one other function of the skeleton. (1 mark)
2. Figure 1 shows how the body is organized into levels. Figure 1 Full text alternative to the content a) Name the type of cell. (1 mark) b) State the function of the cell. (1 mark) c) Explain the meaning of a tissue. (1 mark) d) Name the level of organization that is missing. (1 mark)
3. 3A student wants to measure the strength of their biceps. Name the equipment they can use. (1 mark)State the unit of force they should use. (1 mark)Explain why they should repeat each measurement that they take. (1 mark)Describe the steps they should follow to measure the strength of their biceps. (3 marks)
4. 4Cells are the building blocks of living things. Name one cell part only found in plant cells. (1 mark)Describe two features of an animal cell. (4 marks)
5. 5Gas exchange takes place in the respiratory system. aName the bones that protect the lungs. (1 mark)bName the process that causes oxygen to move into the blood in the alveoli. (1 mark)cState what the diaphragm is made of. (1 mark)dDescribe what happens inside the chest cavity when you exhale. (3 marks)6Explain two ways in which exhaled air is different from inhaled air. (4 marks)
6. 7 Name the reaction that your body uses to transfer Energy from glucose to cells. (1 mark)State where in a cell this reaction happens. (1 mark)Choose the correct words to complete the word equation for this process. glucose + oxygen / carbon dioxide water + oxygen / carbon dioxide (+ energy) (2 marks)
7. 8Explain how fermentation is used in food production. (6 marks)
8. 9Figure 2 shows a hip joint (left) and a knee joint (right). Joints are essential to movement of the body. Figure 2 a) Name the tissue that joins two bones together. (1 mark) b) Name the tissue that joins a muscle to a bone. (1 mark) c) Describe how the joint is adapted to stop the bones rubbing together. (3 marks) d) Predict what would happen if the cartilage in this joint was damaged. (2 marks) e) Explain how the elbow joint moves. (4 marks)