3 What have I learned about the Periodic Table?

Summary: Tags: science oxford-science student-book-7 chemistry Created: 2026-05-19 Last Updated: 2026-05-19

In this chapter, you have:

• developed your knowledge of the Elements that make up everything in the Universe
• understood that each element has its own unique properties, different to the properties of all other elements
• learned about metal and non-metal elements, and how to work out which are which
• discovered how the elements are organized in the Periodic Table to show patterns in their properties
• learned how to use the Periodic Table to make predictions.

Journey through the Periodic Table What do I already know? - Atoms, elements, and Compounds This chapter - 3.1 Three elements

• 3.2 Physical properties of metals and non-metals
• 3.3 Chemical properties of metals and non-metals
• 3.4 Groups and periods
• 3.5 The elements of Group 1
• 3.6 The elements of Group 7
• 3.7 The elements of Group 0 What comes next? - The development of the Periodic Table
• Metals and non-metals
• Groups of the Periodic Table
• Chemical changes
• The Reactivity Series
• Useful Chemical Reactions

Table 3

1. The bar chart in Figure 1 shows the melting points of three elements in the same group of the Periodic Table. Titanium is at the top of the group, and hafnium is at the bottom of the group. Figure 1 Full text alternative to the content Describe the pattern in Figure 1. (2 marks)Use the bar chart to estimate the melting point of zirconium. (1 mark)
2. Table 1 shows the properties of elements X and Y. Table 1Element Melting point Appearance in solid state Reaction with oxygen X low dull reacts to make acidic oxide Y high shiny reacts to make basic oxide Give one physical property of element X. (1 mark)Suggest whether element X is a metal or a non-metal. Give reasons for your answer. (2 marks)One of the elements in Table 1 is a good conductor of electricity. Predict whether it is X or Y. (1 mark)
3. Katya watches as her teacher adds a small piece of sodium to water. She sees and records that: The sodium moves around on the surface of the water. Bubbles are formed. After the reaction finished, the teacher added universal indicator to the solution. The indicator went purple. Explain what the bubbles show. (1 mark)Explain why the indicator went purple. (1 mark)Write a word equation for the reaction of sodium with water. (3 marks)Potassium also reacts with water. Describe one way in which this reaction is similar to the reaction of sodium with water. (1 mark)Describe one way in which this reaction is different from the reaction of sodium with water. (1 mark)Describe the trend in the reactions of the first three Group 1 elements (lithium, sodium, and potassium) with water. (1 mark)
4. Table 2 gives the relative size of the atoms of the Period 2 elements. Describe the trend. (1 mark) Table 2Element Relative size sodium 16 magnesium 14 aluminium 13 silicon 12 phosphorus 11 sulfur 10 chlorine 10
5. Group 7 elements are non-metals. Name two elements in Group 7. (2 marks)Give two properties of the Group 7 elements. (2 marks)Table 3 gives most of the melting and boiling points of four Group 7 elements. Table 3Element Melting point in °C Boiling point in °C fluorine −220 −118 chlorine −35 bromine −7 59 iodine 114 184 Name the element in Group 7 that is liquid at 20 °C. (1 mark)Describe the trend in boiling points in Group 7. (1 mark)Use the trend in melting points to predict the melting point of chlorine. (1 mark)